The concern of the rich of Chicago to re house the homeless after the fires of the 1870s reminded me of the poor relief practiced in the Roman Empire. When there was a famine, the rich of each city knew that they had better come up with some food for the masses, because there might otherwise be a riot directed at the rich. The poor population of Rome was so big that there was an annual dole for the poor citizens of Rome. This was the famous bread and circuses.
The following is based on an inquiry in Bing copilot, which is often quite successful in pulling up relevant links.
According to the theology of Vatican II, Christ is present in the Eucharist in several ways. Here are seven key ways:
1. **In the Eucharistic Species**: Christ is truly, really, and substantially present in the consecrated bread and wine¹.
2. **In the Person of the Priest**: Christ is present in the person of the priest who offers the Eucharistic sacrifice¹. It is Christ through who consecrates the elements through the priest, just as Christ baptizes through the minister, and Christ forgives sins through the priest.
3. **In the Word**: Christ is present speaking through the Scriptures proclaimed during the liturgy¹.
4. **In the Assembly**: Christ is present in the gathered assembly of the faithful¹. They are the body of Christ.
5. **In the Prayers and Songs**: Christ is present in the prayers and songs of the Church¹. Christ prays to his father with and through the assembly of the faithful.
6. In the altar. Christ offers himself and the altar helps make present this offering. The church greatly prefers a stone altar which also reminds me of the stone slab upon which the dead Christ was laid.
7. In the theology course that I took in the early 80s there was a 7th way in which Christ was present in the Eucharist, but I can't recall it right now.
I found these insights very enriching.
Here is a paragraph directly from a Vatican II document.
He is present in the sacrifice of the Mass, in the person of the minister (it is the same Christ who formerly offered himself on the cross who now offers by the ministry of priests) and most of all under the eucharistic species. He is present in the sacraments by his power, in such a way that when someone baptizes, Christ himself baptizes. He is present in his word, for it is he himself who speaks when the holy Scriptures are read in the church. Finally, he is present when the church prays and sings, for he himself promised: Where two or three are gathered in my name, I am there in their midst. Indeed, in this great work which gives perfect glory to God and brings holiness to men, Christ is always joining in partnership with himself his beloved bride, the church, which calls upon its Lord and through him gives worship to the eternal Father.
From Second Vatican Council, Sacrosanctum concilium 7.
Copilot provides links that discuss the issue at considerable length.
This film from 1960 or so tells the story of those new industrial materials that formed Deco. It's full of architecty jargon, but the pictures are good.
The concern of the rich of Chicago to re house the homeless after the fires of the 1870s reminded me of the poor relief practiced in the Roman Empire. When there was a famine, the rich of each city knew that they had better come up with some food for the masses, because there might otherwise be a riot directed at the rich. The poor population of Rome was so big that there was an annual dole for the poor citizens of Rome. This was the famous bread and circuses.
You don't want outraged people going hungry.
The following is based on an inquiry in Bing copilot, which is often quite successful in pulling up relevant links.
According to the theology of Vatican II, Christ is present in the Eucharist in several ways. Here are seven key ways:
1. **In the Eucharistic Species**: Christ is truly, really, and substantially present in the consecrated bread and wine¹.
2. **In the Person of the Priest**: Christ is present in the person of the priest who offers the Eucharistic sacrifice¹. It is Christ through who consecrates the elements through the priest, just as Christ baptizes through the minister, and Christ forgives sins through the priest.
3. **In the Word**: Christ is present speaking through the Scriptures proclaimed during the liturgy¹.
4. **In the Assembly**: Christ is present in the gathered assembly of the faithful¹. They are the body of Christ.
5. **In the Prayers and Songs**: Christ is present in the prayers and songs of the Church¹. Christ prays to his father with and through the assembly of the faithful.
6. In the altar. Christ offers himself and the altar helps make present this offering. The church greatly prefers a stone altar which also reminds me of the stone slab upon which the dead Christ was laid.
7. In the theology course that I took in the early 80s there was a 7th way in which Christ was present in the Eucharist, but I can't recall it right now.
I found these insights very enriching.
Here is a paragraph directly from a Vatican II document.
He is present in the sacrifice of the Mass, in the person of the minister (it is the same Christ who formerly offered himself on the cross who now offers by the ministry of priests) and most of all under the eucharistic species. He is present in the sacraments by his power, in such a way that when someone baptizes, Christ himself baptizes. He is present in his word, for it is he himself who speaks when the holy Scriptures are read in the church. Finally, he is present when the church prays and sings, for he himself promised: Where two or three are gathered in my name, I am there in their midst. Indeed, in this great work which gives perfect glory to God and brings holiness to men, Christ is always joining in partnership with himself his beloved bride, the church, which calls upon its Lord and through him gives worship to the eternal Father.
From Second Vatican Council, Sacrosanctum concilium 7.
Copilot provides links that discuss the issue at considerable length.
https://adoremus.org/2005/04/christs-presence-in-the-eucharist/
https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_20030417_eccl-de-euch.html
https://www.ssscongregatio.org/en/eucharistic-reflexion/eucharistic-catechism/item/2537-2-the-real-presence-of-christ-in-the-eucharist.html
That's pretty comprehensive, I think. (Anglicans are hard to pin down, but many would not disagree with a lot of this, I think).
This film from 1960 or so tells the story of those new industrial materials that formed Deco. It's full of architecty jargon, but the pictures are good.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtPIONXyUIE&ab_channel=PeriscopeFilm